암호화폐 (비트코인, cryptocurrency, bitcoin)  Solidity 이더리움 Cheatsheet 

 

 Solidity 이더리움 Cheatsheet

Order of Precedence of Operators

The following is the order of precedence for operators, listed in order of evaluation.

Precedence

Description

Operator

1

Postfix increment and decrement

++--

New expression

new <typename>

Array subscripting

<array>[<index>]

Member access

<object>.<member>

Function-like call

<func>(<args...>)

Parentheses

(<statement>)

2

Prefix increment and decrement

++--

Unary minus

-

Unary operations

delete

Logical NOT

!

Bitwise NOT

~

3

Exponentiation

**

4

Multiplication, division and modulo

*/%

5

Addition and subtraction

+-

6

Bitwise shift operators

<<>>

7

Bitwise AND

&

8

Bitwise XOR

^

9

Bitwise OR

|

10

Inequality operators

<><=>=

11

Equality operators

==!=

12

Logical AND

&&

13

Logical OR

||

14

Ternary operator

<conditional> ? <if-true> : <if-false>

Assignment operators

=|=^=&=<<=>>=+=-=*=/=%=

15

Comma operator

,

ABI Encoding and Decoding Functions

  • abi.decode(bytes memory encodedData, (...)) returns (...)ABI-decodes the provided data. The types are given in parentheses as second argument. Example: (uint a, uint[2] memory b, bytes memory c) = abi.decode(data, (uint, uint[2], bytes))

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  • abi.encode(...) returns (bytes memory)ABI-encodes the given arguments

  • abi.encodePacked(...) returns (bytes memory): Performs packed encoding of the given arguments. Note that this encoding can be ambiguous!

  • abi.encodeWithSelector(bytes4 selector, ...) returns (bytes memory)ABI-encodes the given arguments starting from the second and prepends the given four-byte selector

  • abi.encodeCall(function functionPointer, (...)) returns (bytes memory): ABI-encodes a call to functionPointer with the arguments found in the tuple. Performs a full type-check, ensuring the types match the function signature. Result equals abi.encodeWithSelector(functionPointer.selector, (...))

  • abi.encodeWithSignature(string memory signature, ...) returns (bytes memory): Equivalent to abi.encodeWithSelector(bytes4(keccak256(bytes(signature))), ...)

Members of bytes and string

Members of address

  • <address>.balance (uint256): balance of the Address in Wei

  • <address>.code (bytes memory): code at the Address (can be empty)

  • <address>.codehash (bytes32): the codehash of the Address

  • <address>.call(bytes memory) returns (bool, bytes memory): issue low-level CALL with the given payload, returns success condition and return data

  • <address>.delegatecall(bytes memory) returns (bool, bytes memory): issue low-level DELEGATECALL with the given payload, returns success condition and return data

  • <address>.staticcall(bytes memory) returns (bool, bytes memory): issue low-level STATICCALL with the given payload, returns success condition and return data

  • <address payable>.send(uint256 amount) returns (bool): send given amount of Wei to Address, returns false on failure

  • <address payable>.transfer(uint256 amount): send given amount of Wei to Address, throws on failure

Block and Transaction Properties

  • blockhash(uint blockNumber) returns (bytes32): hash of the given block - only works for 256 most recent blocks

  • block.basefee (uint): current block’s base fee (EIP-3198 and EIP-1559)

  • block.blobbasefee (uint): current block’s blob base fee (EIP-7516 and EIP-4844)

  • block.chainid (uint): current chain id

  • block.coinbase (address payable): current block miner’s address

  • block.difficulty (uint): current block difficulty (EVM < Paris). For other EVM versions it behaves as a deprecated alias for block.prevrandao that will be removed in the next breaking release

  • block.gaslimit (uint): current block gaslimit

  • block.number (uint): current block number

  • block.prevrandao (uint): random number provided by the beacon chain (EVM >= Paris) (see EIP-4399 )

  • block.timestamp (uint): current block timestamp in seconds since Unix epoch

  • gasleft() returns (uint256): remaining gas

  • msg.data (bytes): complete calldata

  • msg.sender (address): sender of the message (current call)

  • msg.sig (bytes4): first four bytes of the calldata (i.e. function identifier)

  • msg.value (uint): number of wei sent with the message

  • tx.gasprice (uint): gas price of the transaction

  • tx.origin (address): sender of the transaction (full call chain)

Validations and Assertions

  • assert(bool condition): abort execution and revert state changes if condition is false (use for internal error)

  • require(bool condition): abort execution and revert state changes if condition is false (use for malformed input or error in external component)

  • require(bool condition, string memory message): abort execution and revert state changes if condition is false (use for malformed input or error in external component). Also provide error message.

  • revert(): abort execution and revert state changes

  • revert(string memory message): abort execution and revert state changes providing an explanatory string

Mathematical and Cryptographic Functions

  • keccak256(bytes memory) returns (bytes32): compute the Keccak-256 hash of the input

  • sha256(bytes memory) returns (bytes32): compute the SHA-256 hash of the input

  • ripemd160(bytes memory) returns (bytes20): compute the RIPEMD-160 hash of the input

  • ecrecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) returns (address): recover address associated with the public key from elliptic curve signature, return zero on error

  • addmod(uint x, uint y, uint k) returns (uint): compute (x + y) % k where the addition is performed with arbitrary precision and does not wrap around at 2**256. Assert that k != 0 starting from version 0.5.0.

  • mulmod(uint x, uint y, uint k) returns (uint): compute (x * y) % k where the multiplication is performed with arbitrary precision and does not wrap around at 2**256. Assert that k != 0 starting from version 0.5.0.

Type Information

  • type(C).name (string): the name of the contract

  • type(C).creationCode (bytes memory): creation bytecode of the given contract, see Type Information.

  • type(C).runtimeCode (bytes memory): runtime bytecode of the given contract, see Type Information.

  • type(I).interfaceId (bytes4): value containing the EIP-165 interface identifier of the given interface, see Type Information.

  • type(T).min (T): the minimum value representable by the integer type T, see Type Information.

  • type(T).max (T): the maximum value representable by the integer type T, see Type Information.

Function Visibility Specifiers

function myFunction() <visibility specifier> returns (bool) {
    return true;
}
  • public: visible externally and internally (creates a getter function for storage/state variables)

  • private: only visible in the current contract

  • external: only visible externally (only for functions) - i.e. can only be message-called (via this.func)

  • internal: only visible internally

Modifiers

  • pure for functions: Disallows modification or access of state.

  • view for functions: Disallows modification of state.

  • payable for functions: Allows them to receive Ether together with a call.

  • constant for state variables: Disallows assignment (except initialisation), does not occupy storage slot.

  • immutable for state variables: Allows assignment at construction time and is constant when deployed. Is stored in code.

  • anonymous for events: Does not store event signature as topic.

  • indexed for event parameters: Stores the parameter as topic.

  • virtual for functions and modifiers: Allows the function’s or modifier’s behavior to be changed in derived contracts.

  • override: States that this function, modifier or public state variable changes the behavior of a function or modifier in a base contract.

[출처] https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/cheatsheet.html

 

 

 

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