The send function sends data on a connected socket.

Syntax

int send(
  _In_  SOCKET s,
  _In_  const char *buf,
  _In_  int len,
  _In_  int flags
);

Parameters

s [in]

A descriptor identifying a connected socket.

buf [in]

A pointer to a buffer containing the data to be transmitted.

len [in]

The length, in bytes, of the data in buffer pointed to by the buf parameter.

flags [in]

A set of flags that specify the way in which the call is made. This parameter is constructed by using the bitwise OR operator with any of the following values.

Value	Meaning
MSG_DONTROUTE	Specifies that the data should not be subject to routing. A Windows Sockets service provider can choose to ignore this flag.
MSG_OOB	Sends OOB data (stream-style socket such as SOCK_STREAM only.

 

Return value

If no error occurs, send returns the total number of bytes sent, which can be less than the number requested to be sent in the len parameter. Otherwise, a value of SOCKET_ERROR is returned, and a specific error code can be retrieved by calling WSAGetLastError.

Error code	Meaning
WSANOTINITIALISED	A successful WSAStartup call must occur before using this function.
WSAENETDOWN	The network subsystem has failed.
WSAEACCES	The requested address is a broadcast address, but the appropriate flag was not set. Call setsockopt with the SO_BROADCAST socket option to enable use of the broadcast address.
WSAEINTR	A blocking Windows Sockets 1.1 call was canceled through WSACancelBlockingCall.
WSAEINPROGRESS	A blocking Windows Sockets 1.1 call is in progress, or the service provider is still processing a callback function.
WSAEFAULT	The buf parameter is not completely contained in a valid part of the user address space.
WSAENETRESET	The connection has been broken due to the keep-alive activity detecting a failure while the operation was in progress.
WSAENOBUFS	No buffer space is available.
WSAENOTCONN	The socket is not connected.
WSAENOTSOCK	The descriptor is not a socket.
WSAEOPNOTSUPP	MSG_OOB was specified, but the socket is not stream-style such as type SOCK_STREAM, OOB data is not supported in the communication domain associated with this socket, or the socket is unidirectional and supports only receive operations. 경축! 아무것도 안하여 에스천사게임즈가 새로운 모습으로 재오픈 하였습니다. 어린이용이며, 설치가 필요없는 브라우저 게임입니다. https://s1004games.com
WSAESHUTDOWN	The socket has been shut down; it is not possible to send on a socket after shutdown has been invoked with how set to SD_SEND or SD_BOTH.
WSAEWOULDBLOCK	The socket is marked as nonblocking and the requested operation would block.
WSAEMSGSIZE	The socket is message oriented, and the message is larger than the maximum supported by the underlying transport.
WSAEHOSTUNREACH	The remote host cannot be reached from this host at this time.
WSAEINVAL	The socket has not been bound with bind, or an unknown flag was specified, or MSG_OOB was specified for a socket with SO_OOBINLINE enabled.
WSAECONNABORTED	The virtual circuit was terminated due to a time-out or other failure. The application should close the socket as it is no longer usable.
WSAECONNRESET	The virtual circuit was reset by the remote side executing a hard or abortive close. For UDP sockets, the remote host was unable to deliver a previously sent UDP datagram and responded with a "Port Unreachable" ICMP packet. The application should close the socket as it is no longer usable.
WSAETIMEDOUT	The connection has been dropped, because of a network failure or because the system on the other end went down without notice.

Remarks

The send function is used to write outgoing data on a connected socket.

For message-oriented sockets (address family of AF_INET or AF_INET6, type of SOCK_DGRAM, and protocol of IPPROTO_UDP, for example), care must be taken not to exceed the maximum packet size of the underlying provider. The maximum message packet size for a provider can be obtained by calling getsockopt with the optname parameter set to SO_MAX_MSG_SIZE to retrieve the value of socket option. If the data is too long to pass atomically through the underlying protocol, the error WSAEMSGSIZE is returned, and no data is transmitted.

The successful completion of a send function does not indicate that the data was successfully delivered and received to the recipient. This function only indicates the data was successfully sent.

If no buffer space is available within the transport system to hold the data to be transmitted, send will block unless the socket has been placed in nonblocking mode. On nonblocking stream oriented sockets, the number of bytes written can be between 1 and the requested length, depending on buffer availability on both the client and server computers. The select, WSAAsyncSelect or WSAEventSelect functions can be used to determine when it is possible to send more data.

Calling send with a len parameter of zero is permissible and will be treated by implementations as successful. In such cases, send will return zero as a valid value. For message-oriented sockets, a zero-length transport datagram is sent.

The flags parameter can be used to influence the behavior of the function beyond the options specified for the associated socket. The semantics of the send function are determined by any options previously set on the socket specified in the s parameter and the flags parameter passed to the send function.

Note  When issuing a blocking Winsock call such as send, Winsock may need to wait for a network event before the call can complete. Winsock performs an alertable wait in this situation, which can be interrupted by an asynchronous procedure call (APC) scheduled on the same thread. Issuing another blocking Winsock call inside an APC that interrupted an ongoing blocking Winsock call on the same thread will lead to undefined behavior, and must never be attempted by Winsock clients.

Example Code

The following example demonstrates the use of the send function.